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Measurement of bladder compliance can be standardized by a dimensionless number: clinical perspective
Author(s) -
Wahl Edward F.,
Lerman Steven E.,
LahdesVasama Tuija T.,
Churchill Bernard M.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
bju international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.773
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1464-410X
pISSN - 1464-4096
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2004.05055.x
Subject(s) - nomogram , compliance (psychology) , dimensionless quantity , medicine , urology , perspective (graphical) , mathematics , volume (thermodynamics) , urinary bladder , physics , psychology , mechanics , thermodynamics , geometry , social psychology
OBJECTIVE To devise a new, practical and more accurate method for measuring bladder compliance, and to show that traditional estimates of compliance are impractical. MATERIALS AND METHODS Childhood bladder capacity varies greatly with age while detrusor pressure in a normal bladder does not. Consequently, traditional bladder compliance (ΔV/ΔP) increases with age, i.e. maturation. Therefore we devised a standard method that includes normal values of pressures and volumes to calculate and report bladder compliance in children, and that also applies to adults. A dimensionless number (N Wahl −1 ) was computed for standardizing bladder compliance, comparing the normalized capacity to normalized pressure by the ratio (ΔV/V cap,NL )/(ΔP/P cap,NL ), where ΔP is the pressure at bladder capacity, ΔV the volume at bladder capacity, V cap,NL the volume at mean expected bladder capacity and P cap,NL the pressure at mean expected bladder capacity. V cap,NL is obtained from nomograms of published data. RESULTS The bladder compliance of patients undergoing urodynamic testing was calculated using N Wahl −1 and the traditional equation (ΔV/ΔP). N Wahl −1 provided a more accurate diagnosis and therefore was of more practical use. CONCLUSIONS Bladder compliance depends on patient age, sex and size; the new estimate used to standardize bladder compliance is based on these factors and is a dimensionless number. This may help when comparing patients and assessing outcomes.