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Cytokeratin Shedding in Urine as a Biological Marker for Bladder Cancer: Monoclonal Antibody‐Based Evaluation
Author(s) -
HELMY H.,
SEDDEK M. N.,
BASTA M. T.,
SHAABAN A.,
ELBAZ M.,
ELMASRY S.,
ALHILALY E. S.,
MD M. A. GHONEIM
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
british journal of urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.773
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1464-410X
pISSN - 0007-1331
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1991.tb15316.x
Subject(s) - cytokeratin , urine , monoclonal antibody , bladder cancer , genitourinary system , pathology , antibody , cancer , medicine , transitional cell carcinoma , carcinoma , urinary bladder , immunohistochemistry , urology , immunology
Summary Cytokeratin shedding into urine was measured using a double‐antibody sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 282 individuals. Samples included urine from normal controls, patients with urogenital conditions and bladder cancer patients. A monoclonal antibody prepared against cytokeratins extracted from a hyperkeratotic low grade squamous cell carcinoma (UNME/K1) was used in the assay. The results indicated reasonable levels of sensitivity (83%), specificity (67%) and overall accuracy (70%) in the detection of bladder cancer. The levels of sensitivity in detecting squamous and transitional cell carcinoma patients were 87 and 73% respectively. The low level of specificity was due to a high frequency of false positive results (55%) within the urogenital controls; this suggests that further immunochemical and immunohistopathological analyses of associated urothelial cytokeratins are required.