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Some Observations and Theories on the Wide Ureter and Hydronephrosis
Author(s) -
WHITAKER ROBERT H.
Publication year - 1975
Publication title -
british journal of urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.773
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1464-410X
pISSN - 0007-1331
DOI - 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1975.tb03990.x
Subject(s) - peristalsis , ureter , hydronephrosis , medicine , body orifice , urology , urinary system , anatomy
Summary A simple but effective classification of the wide ureter is proposed. It separates ureters into two major groups of refluxing and non‐refluxing, but emphasises that not all non‐refluxing ureters are obstructed. An analysis is made of normal and abnormal ureteric peristalsis and the part it plays in conducting a bolus through the pelviureteric and ureterovesical junctions. A theory is advanced to explain the poor emptying of the wide ureter and the abnormal pelviureteric junction. It is based on the inability of the circular and longitudinal muscles to form a bolus and it explains how the unopposed and inadvertent contraction of the circular muscle grips the orifice in each situation to aggravate the poor emptying.