Oral vitamin E absorption in English Cocker Spaniels with familial vitamin E deficiency and retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy

Background  Retinal Pigment Epithelial Dystrophy (RPED) with neuroaxonal degeneration in English Cocker Spaniels (ECS) is associated with systemic vitamin E deficiency in the absence of dietary insufficiency. Objective  To evaluate the ability of ECS with RPED to absorb orally administered vitamin E and establish a basis for vitamin E supplementation in affected dogs. Animals studied  8 RPED‐affected ECS and five clinically normal dogs. Procedures  An oral vitamin E tolerance test (OVETT) was conducted in each dog. Blood samples were obtained prior to and at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 120, and 240 h following oral administration of 90 iu/kg of RRR ‐α‐tocopherol. Plasma alpha tocopherol (αTOC) content was measured by normal phase, high‐performance liquid chromatography, and indices of vitamin E absorption calculated. Results  There was marked variation in OVETT results between individuals. In RPED‐affected ECS, mean peak plasma αTOC concentration (17.87 ± 13.21 μg/mL), attained after administration of a large oral dose of the vitamin, was significantly lower than the mean peak plasma αTOC concentration attained in normal dogs (47.61 ± 17.17 μg/mL; P  < 0.005). However, the plasma concentrations achieved in 7/8 RPED‐affected dogs remained within the normal reference range for plasma αTOC in vitamin E‐replete dogs, for at least 12 h postdose. Conclusions  Vitamin E–deficient ECS with RPED are capable of absorbing orally administered vitamin E. Twice daily administration of 600–900 iu tocopherol is likely to restore plasma vitamin E concentrations to the normal range in most affected dogs.