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Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone similarly improve insulin sensitivity and secretion, glucose tolerance and adipocytokines in type 2 diabetic patients
Author(s) -
Miyazaki Y.,
DeFronzo R. A.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00880.x
Subject(s) - pioglitazone , medicine , rosiglitazone , endocrinology , adiponectin , adipokine , postprandial , triglyceride , insulin , type 2 diabetes , insulin resistance , leptin , diabetes mellitus , cholesterol , obesity
Objective: We examined the effects of rosiglitazone treatment on profiles of adipocytokines levels, postprandial insulin and glucose excursion, lipids levels, comparing with those of pioglitazone treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Changes in body weight, haemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ), glucose/insulin/C‐peptide/free fatty acid (FFA) during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HDL‐/LDL‐cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and adipocytokines [tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, leptin and adiponectin] were measured in T2DM patients treated with rosiglitazone, 8 mg/day (n = 35), or pioglitazone, 45 mg/day (n = 21), for 3 months. Results: After rosiglitazone or pioglitazone treatment, HbA 1c (8.6–7.2 vs. 8.3–6.9%, rosiglitazone vs. pioglitazone), fasting plasma glucose (190–144 vs. 178–140 mg/dl), fasting FFA (729–595 vs. 641–526 μEq/l), mean plasma glucose‐OGTT (292–229 vs. 285–233 mg/dl) and mean FFA‐OGTT (580–430 vs. 488–377 μEq/l) decreased similarly and all were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The insulinogenic index (ΔI 0–120 /ΔG 0–120 ) (0.19–0.30 vs. 0.17–0.26) and Matsuda index of insulin sensitivity (2.0–3.1 and 2.7–4.3) increased (p < 0.01) similarly, despite increase in body weight (85–88 vs. 81–84 kg). TNF‐α (3.8–3.4 vs. 5.2–4.5 pg/ml) decreased (p < 0.05) and adiponectin (6.3–17.8 vs. 7.1–16.4 μg/ml) increased (p < 0.01), while leptin did not change following either treatment. After rosiglitazone treatment, plasma HDL‐cholesterol (34–38 mg/dl) and LDL‐cholesterol (103–120 mg/dl) increased (p < 0.01), while TGs (177–167 mg/dl) did not change significantly. After pioglitazone treatment, plasma HDL‐cholesterol (34–37 mg/dl) increased (p < 0.05), while LDL‐cholesterol (104–105 mg/dl) did not change and TGs (153–106 mg/dl) decreased (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone have similar beneficial effects on glycaemic control insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and plasma adipocytokine levels. However, pioglitazone has a more beneficial effect on the plasma lipid profile than rosiglitazone.