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Effect of fat distribution on endothelial‐dependent and endothelial‐independent vasodilatation in healthy humans
Author(s) -
Williams I. L.,
Chowienczyk P. J.,
Wheatcroft S. B.,
Patel A.,
Sherwood R.,
Momin A.,
Shah A. M.,
Kearney M. T.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.445
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1463-1326
pISSN - 1462-8902
DOI - 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2005.00505.x
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , waist , blood pressure , brachial artery , endothelial dysfunction , body mass index , vasodilation , waist–hip ratio , insulin
Aim: The present study aims to explore the relationship between inflammatory cytokines, plasma lipids, insulin, blood pressure (BP), total adiposity/markers of fat distribution and endothelial function in healthy people across a wide range of body fatness. Methods: Seventy‐three healthy people (44 women; age range: 24–64 years) with body mass index (BMI) range of 18.6–73.1 kg/m 2 were recruited. All participants underwent assessment of conduit artery endothelial‐dependent vasodilatation by using flow‐mediated vasodilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery and endothelial‐independent vasodilatation to sublingual GTN. They had blood taken for measurement of plasma markers of glucose homeostasis (fasting insulin and glucose), systemic inflammation (interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), C‐reactive protein (CRP) and tumour necrosis factor‐α receptor 2 (TNF‐α R2)) and lipids (low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides). Morphometric assessment (waist circumference, BMI and waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR)) and systolic and diastolic arterial pressure were also measured. Results: Markers of total body fat/fat distribution (waist circumference, BMI and WHR), inflammation (IL‐6, CRP and TNF‐α R2), metabolism (fasting insulin, HDL, LDL and triglycerides) and BP (systolic and diastolic) correlated with FMD. Among these measurements, WHR was the only independent predictor of FMD (r 2 = 0.30; p = 0.0001). Conclusions: WHR is an important marker of endothelial dysfunction in healthy people across a wide range of body fatness.