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Do we have to stop anticoagulant and platelet‐inhibitor treatments during proctological surgery?
Author(s) -
Pigot F.,
Juguet F.,
Bouchard D.,
Castinel A.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
colorectal disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.029
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1463-1318
pISSN - 1462-8910
DOI - 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2012.03063.x
Subject(s) - medicine , clopidogrel , surgery , incidence (geometry) , anticoagulant , colorectal surgery , prospective cohort study , anesthesia , heparin , aspirin , abdominal surgery , physics , optics
Aim This prospective observation study evaluated the incidence of secondary bleeding after proctological surgery without interruption of oral anticoagulant or platelet‐inhibitor treatments. Method The number of episodes of postoperative bleeding was identified prospectively from the day of surgery to the last follow‐up visit in consecutive patients operated on during 2010 in two units dedicated to proctology. Results A total of 2513 procedures were performed in 2314 patients (1379 men), 46 ± 16 years of age. Secondary bleeding occurred after 115 (4.6%) procedures, no later than day 24 after surgery, requiring rehospitalization in 86% of cases and further surgery and/or transfusion in 36%. The highest frequency was noted after surgery for haemorrhoids (haemorrhoidopexy, 7.9%; haemorrhoidectomy, 6.2%) ( P = NS and transanal excision of rectal tumours (6.5%). On multivariate analysis, the frequency was significantly increased by clopidogrel (15%) [relative risk (RR) = 10). In patients on oral anticoagulants, bleeding occurred in 23% (RR = 5.8) if the anticoagulants were not interrupted and in 57% (RR = 42) if the anticoagulants were discontinued and replaced with heparin. Conclusion During proctological surgery the overall risk of postoperative bleeding is low, but it can occur up to 3 weeks after surgery and is often severe. Maintenance treatment with oral anticoagulants is the most important risk factor, aggravated by a change to heparin. Clopidogrel also significantly increases the bleeding risk.