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Plant–microbe association for rhizoremediation of chloronitroaromatic pollutants with Comamonas sp. strain CNB‐1
Author(s) -
Liu Lei,
Jiang ChengYing,
Liu XingYu,
Wu JianFeng,
Han JiGang,
Liu ShuangJiang
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
environmental microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.954
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1462-2920
pISSN - 1462-2912
DOI - 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01163.x
Subject(s) - biology , betaproteobacteria , gammaproteobacteria , 16s ribosomal rna , acidobacteria , alphaproteobacteria , strain (injury) , comamonas , rhizosphere , microbiology and biotechnology , population , soil microbiology , bacteria , botany , proteobacteria , actinobacteria , pseudomonas , genetics , demography , anatomy , sociology
Summary Comamonas sp. strain CNB‐1, isolated from activated sludge and having a strong ability to degrade 4‐chloronitrobenzene (4CNB), was applied for rhizoremediation of 4CNB‐polluted soil through association with alfalfa. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that strain CNB‐1 successfully colonized alfalfa roots. Determination of strain CNB‐1 populations by cultivation method and by quantitative competitive PCR technique targeting the chloronitrobenzene nitroreductase gene showed that the population of strain CNB‐1 in the rhizosphere was about 10–100 times higher than that in the bulk soil. Gnotobiotic and outdoor experiments showed that pollutant 4CNB was completely removed within 1 or 2 days after 4CNB application into soil, and that its phytotoxicity to alfalfa was eliminated by inoculation of strain CNB‐1. Results from PCR‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and analysis of 16S rRNA gene libraries revealed that the indigenous soil microbial community mainly consisted of alphaproteobacteria, betaproteobacteria, gammaproteobacteria, the CFB bacteria ( Cytophaga‐Flavabacterium‐Bacteriodes ), and Acidobacteria . This microbial community was not significantly influenced by inoculation of strain CNB‐1. Thus, this study has developed a Comamonas ‐alfalfa system for rhizoremediation of 4CNB.