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Early experiences of vasodilators and hypotensive anesthesia in children
Author(s) -
Brown T.C.K.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
pediatric anesthesia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.704
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1460-9592
pISSN - 1155-5645
DOI - 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2012.03799.x
Subject(s) - medicine , phenoxybenzamine , vasodilation , isoflurane , anesthesia , vascular resistance , vasoconstriction , cardiac output , blood pressure , sodium nitroprusside , peripheral resistance , antagonist , blood flow , contractility , cardiology , hemodynamics , nitric oxide , propranolol , receptor
The physiological application of OHMS LAW explains the basis of hypotensive anesthesia. V = IR translates into:Pressure = Flow × Resistance or Blood pressure = Cardiac Output × Peripheral Resistance.If peripheral resistance is reduced by a vasodilator such as sodium nitroprusside (a short acting, vascular smooth muscle relaxant) or phenoxybenzamine (a long acting α adrenoreceptor antagonist), blood pressure will fall and vasoconstriction and bleeding will be reduced. A less desirable alternative to lowering blood pressure could be to reduce cardiac output by suppressing myocardial contractility using a ß 1 adrenoceptor antagonist or an inhalational agent such as isoflurane.