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Addition of morphine to local anesthetic infiltration does not improve analgesia after pediatric dental extractions
Author(s) -
BHANANKER SANJAY M.,
AZAVEDO LAWRENCE F.,
SPLINTER WILLIAM M.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
pediatric anesthesia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.704
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1460-9592
pISSN - 1155-5645
DOI - 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2007.02399.x
Subject(s) - medicine , morphine , anesthesia , lidocaine , analgesic , local anesthetic , opioid , epinephrine , receptor
Summary Background: Opioid receptors have been noted in the peripheral nerve endings of afferent neurons. Blockade of these receptors with peripherally administered opioids is believed to result in analgesia. Methods: In a prospective, randomized, double‐blind study, we studied the analgesic effects of adding a subsystemic dose of morphine to local anesthetic infiltration (lidocaine hydrochloride) during pediatric dental extractions. Forty‐two subjects, aged 2–7 years of ASA physical status I–II, were randomized to receive submucous infiltration with either morphine 25 μg·kg −1 in 2% lidocaine hydrochloride with 1 : 1 00 000 epinephrine (morphine group) or 2% lidocaine hydrochloride with 1 : 1 00 000 epinephrine (control group) at the end of surgery. Results: There was no difference in postoperative analgesic requirements within the first 24 h. In‐hospital acetaminophen consumption was 85% in the morphine group compared with 81% in the control group. Conclusion: We conclude that there is no benefit of adding a subsystemic analgesic dose of morphine to local anesthetics for analgesia after dental extractions in children.