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INFLUENCE OF RETAINED AUSTENITE ON FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION IN HP 9‐4‐20 HIGH STRENGTH ALLOY STEEL
Author(s) -
RITCHIE R. O.,
CHANG V. A.,
PATON N. E.
Publication year - 1979
Publication title -
fatigue and fracture of engineering materials and structures
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.887
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1460-2695
pISSN - 8756-758X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1460-2695.1979.tb00370.x
Subject(s) - austenite , materials science , metallurgy , paris' law , alloy , fracture mechanics , martensite , cracking , crack closure , intergranular corrosion , composite material , microstructure
— Industrial multi‐pass TIG weldments of HP 9‐4‐20 high strength alloy steel have been found to contain significant volume fractions (around 10%) of retained austenite which are not readily transformed after stress relieving and subsequent refrigeration procedures. To determine whether the presence of such retained austenite in tempered martensitic structures could be detrimental to fatigue resistance in HP 9‐4‐20 steel, fatigue crack propagation behavior was examined over six orders of magnitude in growth rate, in commercially heat‐treated material (containing less than 3% austenite) and in intercritically heat‐treated and tempered material (containing approx. 14% austenite) in an environment of moist, ambient temperature air. Whereas crack propagation rates were unchanged at growth rates exceeding 10 −6 mm/cycle, structures containing 14% austenite showed somewhat superior resistance to near‐threshold crack propagation at growth rates less than 10 −6 mm/cycle, the threshold for crack growth (Δ K 0 ) being over 20% higher than in commercially heat‐treated material. The presence of retained austenite further appeared to inhibit the occurrence of intergranular fracture at near‐threshold levels. It was concluded that significant proportions of retained austenite are not detrimental to fatigue crack propagation resistance in HP 9‐4‐20 steel, and may indeed have some beneficial effect at very low, near‐threshold growth rates by increasing resistance to environmentally‐assisted cracking.