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Recurrent pregnancy loss: A disease of inflammation and coagulation
Author(s) -
KwakKim Joanne,
Yang Kwang Moon,
GilmanSachs Alice
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.597
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1447-0756
pISSN - 1341-8076
DOI - 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2009.01079.x
Subject(s) - medicine , etiology , pregnancy , immunology , immune system , disease , inflammation , endocrine system , pathological , hormone , genetics , biology
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is one of the most common obstetrical complications. Multiple etiologies, such as endocrine, anatomic, genetic, hematological and immunological causes have been reported for this devastating disease. However, over half of the cases remain unexplained. Thrombotic/inflammatory processes are often observed at the maternal‐fetal interface as the final pathological assault in many cases of RPL, including those of unexplained etiologies. In the present paper, cellular immune responses (T, natural killer [NK], natural killer‐T [NKT], regulatory T [Treg] cells and their cytokines) and autoimmune abnormalities of women with RPL are reviewed. In addition, metabolic diseases and hematological conditions which often lead to thrombotic/inflammatory conditions are discussed in association with RPL. Finally, current therapeutic options for RPL are reviewed.