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Labor Control under Epidural Anesthesia: Placental Transfer and Newborn Metabolism of Local Anesthetics
Author(s) -
Fuchi Isao,
Noda Kiichiro
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
asia‐oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.597
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1447-0756
pISSN - 0389-2328
DOI - 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1987.tb00286.x
Subject(s) - mepivacaine , medicine , bupivacaine , anesthesia , prilocaine , lidocaine , fetus , venous blood , local anesthetic , epidural administration , obstetrics , pregnancy , biology , genetics
This study was designed to determine which of 4 local anesthetics used for labor control under epidural analgesia, had the least influence upon fetuses and newborns. Comparisons were made using 4 common clinical local anesthetics. Placental transfer was calculated by comparing drug concentrations in the mother's venous blood immediately after delivery to those in the umbilical venous blood of the fetuses or newborns. The ratio for lidocaine was 39.1%; for prilocaine, 93.9%; for bupivacaine, 37.5%; and for mepivacaine, 45.4%. Lidocaine was detectable in the blood of newborns for up to 6 hours after birth, prilocaine for up to 4 hours, bupivacaine for up to 24 hours, although at minimal levels, and mepivacaine for more than 24 hours after birth.