Premium
Effects of isothiocyanates on purple ( Cyperus rotundus L.) and yellow nutsedge ( Cyperus esculentus L.)
Author(s) -
NORSWORTHY JASON K.,
MALIK MAYANK S.,
JHA PRASHANT,
OLIVEIRA MARCOS J.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
weed biology and management
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.351
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 1445-6664
pISSN - 1444-6162
DOI - 10.1111/j.1445-6664.2006.00208.x
Subject(s) - cyperus , cyperus rotundus , shoot , biology , agronomy , weed , horticulture , botany
Purple and yellow nutsedge are two of the most troublesome weeds in the world. In the south‐eastern USA, both weeds are common in vegetable crops and are the most difficult weeds to control in this region. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the herbicidal activity of five liquid isothiocyanates (ITCs) (benzoyl, o ‐tolyl, m ‐tolyl, tert ‐octyl, and 3‐fluorophenyl) on purple and yellow nutsedge. All ITCs were applied to soil in jars at 0, 100, 1000, 5000, and 10 000 nmol g −1 of soil and sealed for 72 h to prevent gaseous losses, followed by nutsedge growth evaluations after an additional 18 days. All ITCs reduced purple and yellow nutsedge shoot density and shoot biomass over the concentrations evaluated, with differences in the effectiveness on each species apparent among the compounds. Based on the lethal concentration values for shoot density, all ITCs were more effective in suppressing purple nutsedge than yellow nutsedge. Benzoyl and 3‐fluorophenyl were generally the most effective of the five ITCs evaluated.