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Risk factors for ill‐health in a remote desert‐dwelling Aboriginal community in Western Australia
Author(s) -
Gracey M.,
Burke V.,
Spargo R. M.,
Beilin L. J.,
Smith P.,
Beilby J.,
Smith R. M.,
Chin C.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
australian and new zealand journal of medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.596
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1445-5994
pISSN - 0004-8291
DOI - 10.1111/j.1445-5994.1996.tb00881.x
Subject(s) - medicine , overweight , urinalysis , blood pressure , underweight , obesity , diabetes mellitus , physiology , environmental health , gerontology , urinary system , endocrinology
Background: Living in small, isolated groups may promote health for Aborigines if traditional lifestyles are followed, but overall health risks in such communities are inadequately documented. Aim: To document health status of a remote Aboriginal community with reference to nutrition, cardiovascular risks, renal disease and infections and to identify areas where health might be improved. Methods: All residents of a small community in the Great Sandy Desert underwent medical examinations, anthropometry and measurement of blood pressure. Investigations included cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, creatinine, lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein E phenotype, angiotensin‐converting enzyme genotype, urinalysis, stool microscopy (children), liver function tests and full blood examination. Results: Children (n=26) were undernourished while 14% of adults (n=51) were underweight, 22% overweight and 40% of women and 13% of men were obese with central obesity in 90% of women and 48% of men. Fifteen per cent of the group were hypertensive. Insulin levels were increased in 55% of subjects, total cholesterol in 21% and triglycerides in 56%, while HDL was decreased in 78%. Angiotensin‐converting enzyme and apolipoprotein E typing and lipoprotein (a) did not suggest increased cardiovascular risk. Proteinuria was present in 39% of subjects, haematuria in 49% and definite or possible urinary tract infections in 30%. Faecal parasites were prevalent and a history of infections, including sexually transmitted diseases, was common. Conclusions: Increased cardiovascular risk, nutritional disorders, renal disease and infections are major problems in this community which had relocated several years previously from a mission environment closer to western influences, including alcohol.