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Epididymo‐orchitis caused by intravesically instillated bacillus Calmette‐Guérin: Genetically proven using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method
Author(s) -
HARADA HIROSHI,
SEKI MASAAKI,
SHINOJIMA HIROKAZU,
MIURA MASAYOSHI,
HIRANO TETSUO,
TOGASHI MASAKI
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
international journal of urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.172
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1442-2042
pISSN - 0919-8172
DOI - 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2006.01257.x
Subject(s) - medicine , mycobacterium bovis , polymerase chain reaction , mycobacterium tuberculosis , mycobacterium tuberculosis complex , multiplex polymerase chain reaction , tuberculosis , bacillus (shape) , bcg vaccine , microbiology and biotechnology , pathology , gene , biology , biochemistry
The intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) is a standard therapy for superficial bladder carcinoma. Tuberculosis‐like inflammation in the genitourinary tract is a serious complication of BCG. It can occur after a long interval from the cessation of the intravesical BCG therapy. If inflammation occurs, it is necessary to test whether the BCG strain has caused it or another mycobacterium species has. However, there has never been a report that proves BCG causes the inflammation, because BCG is difficult to differentiate from other strains of Mycobacterium bovis and other members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by conventional tests, including regular polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We first present a case of epididymo‐orchitis, which developed 31 months after the cessation of BCG therapy, detected using a multiplex PCR method as having been caused by BCG. Our report illustrates the efficacy of this method to detect the responsible microbe that is thought to be transmitted from the instillated BCG strain.