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Evaluation of a new inflammatory molecule (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1) in the diagnosis of pleural effusion
Author(s) -
CHAN MingCheng,
CHANG KaiMing,
CHAO WenCheng,
LIN LiangYi,
KUO Benjamin IngTiau,
HSU JengYuan,
WU ChiehLiang
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
respirology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.857
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1440-1843
pISSN - 1323-7799
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2007.01056.x
Subject(s) - medicine , pleural effusion , myeloid cells , myeloid , receptor , cancer research , effusion , pathology , immunology , surgery
Background and objective: The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell‐1 (TREM‐1) is a newly discovered molecule that is associated with the inflammatory response to microorganisms. We investigated the role of surface and soluble TREM‐1 in differentiating different disease entities in pleural effusion formation. Methods: Sixty‐seven patients with pleural effusion due to transudate (14), malignancy (15), tuberculous pleuritis (16), para‐pneumonic effusion (10) and empyaema (12) were included in this study. Surface TREM‐1 was measured by flow cytometry and was expressed as mean fluorescence intensity and soluble TREM‐1 was measured by ELISA and expressed as pg/mL. Results are given as mean levels ± SEM. Results: Surface TREM‐1 was measured in 24 patients and the levels were highest in para‐pneumonic effusion (30.0 ± 8.4) and lowest in malignant pleural effusion (5.2 ± 1.1) and tuberculous pleuritis (5.2 ± 2.4). Soluble TREM‐1 was highest in effusions of infectious aetiology (para‐pneumonic effusion (979.4 ± 229.6) and empyaema (1712.6 ± 299.5)) and lowest in non‐infectious effusions (transudate (81.2 ± 4.5 pg/mL) and malignancy (111.3 ± 20.7). At a cut‐off value of 114 pg/mL, soluble TREM‐1 yielded a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 89.7% in differentiating non‐infectious effusion from tuberculous pleuritis. At a cut‐off value of 374 pg/mL, sTREM‐1 yielded a sensitivity of 93.8% and a specificity of 90.9 in differentiating tuberculous pleuritis from bacterial pleural effusion. Conclusion: Soluble and surface TREM‐1 are valuable markers in establishing the aetiology of pleural effusions.