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Surface ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetics of four unarmored heterotrophic dinoflagellates, including the type species of the genus Gyrodinium (Dinophyceae)
Author(s) -
Takano Yoshihito,
Horiguchi Takeo
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
phycological research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.438
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 1440-1835
pISSN - 1322-0829
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-183.2004.00332.x
Subject(s) - dinophyceae , biology , botany , ultrastructure , genus , molecular phylogenetics , dinoflagellate , phylogenetics , type species , type (biology) , zoology , ecology , phytoplankton , biochemistry , gene , nutrient
SUMMARY Small subunit rRNA gene sequences were determined for four unarmored heterotrophic dinoflagellates ( Gyrodinium spirals , the type species of the genus Gyrodinium , as well as G. fusiforme, Gymnodinium rubrum and the freshwater species G. helveticum ) using a single‐cell polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. For identification and record keeping, each cell was carefully observed and photographed using a light microscope under high magnification, prior to single‐cell PCR. G. rubrum and G. helveticum possess an elliptical apical groove and longitudinal striations similar to those of G. spirale and G. fusiforme , and molecular phylogenetic studies reveal that the four species form a single clade. We therefore propose the following new combinations: Gyrodinium rubrum (Kofoid et Swezy) Takano et Horiguchi comb. nov. and Gyrodinium helveticum (Penard) Takano et Horiguchi comb. nov.