Open AccessCYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF THE MYCOTOXINS OF PENICILLIUM ISLANDICUM SOPP, LUTEOSKYRIN AND CHLORINE‐CONTAINING PEPTIDE ON CHANG'S LIVER CELLS AND HELA CELLS
Author(s) -
Umeda Makoto
Publication year - 1964
Publication title -
acta patholigica japonica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.73
H-Index - 74
ISSN - 0001-6632
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1964.tb00681.x
Subject(s) - nucleolus , cytoplasm , cytotoxic t cell , hela , cell , biology , chemistry , apoptosis , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , in vitro
Summary1) The cytotoxic effects of mycotoxins of Penicillium islandicum Sopp, luteoskyrin and chlorine‐containing peptide, were examined in tissue culture cells. 2) For both CL cells and HL cells, Lt. inhibited the cell growth at concentrations higher than 0.12 μg/ml and affected the cells lethally at the concentration of 1.2 /μg/ml. Pt. inhibited the growth of CL cells at 3.17 /μg/ml and that of HL cells at 10/ng/ml, showing a slightly different susceptibility with each other. With Pt. at higher than 31.7/ig/ml, both cells were affected lethally. 3) The cytological changes induced by Lt. were characterized by the cell atrophy in spindle shape, appearance of large fat granules in the cytoplasm, atrophic nuclei with unevenly distributed chromatin substances, rounded nucleoli, multinucleosis, and slight swelling of the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. These changes were marked above the concentration of 0.34 μg/ml after 2 days. The most characteristic changes caused by Pt. was vacuolation and hyaline‐dropletlike degeneration. Other changes were abnormal mitotic figures, irregularity in cell size, needle‐like substances in the cytoplasm, multinucleosis and electron‐microscopical fine granular matrix, cystic distension of the mitochondria and disappearance of the microvilli. These changes appeared at the concentration of 10/μ/ml within a day. These changes are closely correlated to the findings in the liver parenchymal cells in vivo affected with respective toxins. 4) Cells growing in the toxin‐free media after the intermittent toxin treatments showed cellular pleomorphism with Lt. and appearance of somewhat larger cells with Pt., both of which exhibited an increase in the resistance to respective toxins. 5) The animal LD 5 o and the concentration affecting tissue culture cells of these agents were compared with those of various toxic agents. Lt. damaged tissue culture cells at a lower concentration than its intravenous LD 5 o. Pt., on the other hand, affected cells at a higher concentration than its intravenous LD50. 6) In addition, the cytopathological findings were compared with those induced by other agents in tissue culture cells.