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MOTOR AND OTHER RESPONSES ELICITED BY ELECTRICAI, STIMULATION OF THE CAT'S TEMPORAL LOBE
Author(s) -
Sano Takashi
Publication year - 1958
Publication title -
psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.609
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1440-1819
pISSN - 1323-1316
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1819.1958.tb00626.x
Subject(s) - stimulation , neuroscience , temporal lobe , psychology , medicine , epilepsy
Summary Adult cats, 49 in number and free from morbid movements and in the sound conscious state, were implanted with concentric electrodes into their temporal cortex and subcortical structures. And evoked responses were observed by means of square waves applied, each variable in frequency and voltage. Motor Response In stimulation cases of both the temporal cortex and nucleus amygdalae, ipsilateral eye‐lid closing. cheek movement (spasm and twitching, draw‐back of the lip to the ipisilateral side, tremor of whisker etc.) and turnning of the head to the contralateral side were most frequently observed. Nucleus amygdalae was the lowest in the stimulation threshold for response, then lobus piriformis and G. supra‐sylvius post. were low while G. ectosylvius post. and G. sylvius post. showed middle high thresholds. Autonomic Phenomenon Masticatory movement, salivation, licking about, sniffing. swallowing act etc. were observed as alimentary activity. The nucleus amygdalae was also more responsive than the cortex in this respect, which resembles to some degree to the stimulation threshold of the motor response. Salivation and pupillary dilatation were marked especially in the stimulation of the basal nucleus of nucleus amygdalae, and were obtained nearly constantly under rather low voltage (4V) but had not such a marked increase in the response rate as in the motor response parallel‐going with the increase of votlage. This is considered to be due to the circumstance that these two symptoms were satisfied with their evokation already under comparatively low voltage. The optimum frequency in both the motor response and the autonomic phenomena lay about at 10–50 cps. and at about 7 msec. Behavioral Phenomena Nucleus amygdalae showed the lowest threshold for response and gave rise to such a series of behavioral disorder as anger, offensive movement, fear, searching about and attempt to go rearward etc. under low voltage of stimulation. To bring forth the similar responses from lobus piriformis, it was found somewhat higher voltage of stimulation as necessary. Upon stimulation of G. suprasylvius post., there were observed anxiety, fear, searching about, escaping etc. In the stimulation cases of G. ectosylvius post. and G. sylvius post., cases with epileptic attack with an increase in stimulation voltage and without any behavioral change were more frequently met with than in the other regions. The frequency of stimulation in the behavioral phenomena was found in major cases influenced by the voltage, varying region to region, but without any constant tendency in it. At the end of this thesis, the author would express deep gratitude to Prof. Kamimura who gave him cordial guidance and revision and, at the same time, to Prof. Sawa of the Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata who gave him valuable advices all through the period of experimentation and completion of this paper.