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STIMULATION STUDY OF THALAMUS OPTIC US IN MAN *
Author(s) -
Matsui Iwao
Publication year - 1957
Publication title -
psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.609
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1440-1819
pISSN - 1323-1316
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1819.1957.tb01100.x
Subject(s) - stimulation , thalamus , epilepsy , arousal , neuroscience , grand mal , anesthesia , psychology , chemistry , medicine
Summary By arrangement and classification of the clinical reactions which were caused by electrical stimulation and were obtained accessorily in case of operation of the thalamus, the author examined the relationship between these clinical reactions and the locations and conditions of stimulation, wherein the following results were obtained.1) The reaction caused by electrical stimulation of human thalamus are divided into five groups.a) Epilepsy‐like reaction b) Sensory reaction c) Emotional reaction d) Motor reaction e) Autonomic nervous reaction2) Epilepsy‐like reaction is divided into three groups: grand mal type, petit mal type and cloudiness of consciousness and sleep. Each point of stimulation in localized in the dorsomedial part of the thalamus, and these types of reaction possess both phenomenologically and electro‐encephalographically the characteristics of spontaneous epileptic seizure and deep. In the case where two types of grand mal and petit mal occur in single patient, the former is liable to more intense stimulation concerning voltage and frequency than the latter and each type of seizure can arbitrarily be produced according to the intensity of stimulation. 3) Sleep reaction is equal to epilepsy‐like reaction in the location of stimulation, and its optimal stimulation is 3 c/sec. 12 V and 2–3 minutes of electrification. And if this stimulation is increased gradually, arousal reaction, arrest reaction, petit mal type and grand mal type are produced in this order, 4) Sensory reaction is produced from nucleus ventralis posterior and is projected to the circumscribed body surface of the opposite side. Its contents have such concreteness as pain, paresthesia and red heat feeling and is always accompanied by defense reaction. 5) Emotional reaction is divided roughly into comfortable and discomfortable reaction. Comfortable reaction: is caused by comparatively weak stimulation of the dorsomedial part, and discomfortable reaction by stimulation of the dorsomedial side, especially of its ventral part, but the location of stimulation in both reaction is not localized. The stimulation of comfortable reaction is within a limit and may be transferred into dis‐comfortable reaction if the limit is stept over, while the limit is subjected to individual differences. Emotions of various nuances between comfortable reaction and discomfortable one are caused by various conditions of stimulation as intensity and location. 6) Single movement, cooperative head‐eye movement and athetosis are observed in motor reaction. Among these, athetosis is caused by stimulation of the ventral part of nucleus lateralis exclusively. 7) In autonomic nervous reaction, miosis and mydriasis are very frequently observed, but any difference of location and condition of stimulation between these two is not observable yet.