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Review article: Leukocyte‐endothelial dysregulation in systemic small vessel vasculitis
Author(s) -
PANKHURST TANYA,
SAVAGE CAROLINE OS,
LITTLE MARK A
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
nephrology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1440-1797
pISSN - 1320-5358
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2008.01076.x
Subject(s) - proteases , medicine , inflammation , vasculitis , immunology , endothelial stem cell , antibody , systemic vasculitis , endothelial dysfunction , disease , anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody , pathology , biology , in vitro , biochemistry , enzyme
SUMMARY Aberrant interaction between the leukocyte and the endothelial cell (EC) results in the uncontrolled inflammation seen in systemic small vessel vasculitis. This review discusses our current understanding of this process and includes consideration of the role of adhesion molecules, proteases and the neutrophil respiratory burst. The effects of anti‐neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies and anti‐endothelial cell antibodies and their pathogenic roles are examined, and we look at experimental disease models. Specificity of disease‐targetted endothelial beds and the role of circulating EC are discussed.