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Antifibrotic effects of tetrandrine on hepatic stellate cells and rats with liver fibrosis
Author(s) -
Hsu YiChao,
Chiu YungTsung,
Cheng ChingChang,
Wu ChingFen,
Lin YunLian,
Huang YiTsau
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.214
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1440-1746
pISSN - 0815-9319
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04361.x
Subject(s) - tetrandrine , hepatic stellate cell , hepatic fibrosis , medicine , fibrosis , pharmacology , transforming growth factor , in vivo , tumor necrosis factor alpha , endocrinology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Background: Anti‐inflammation strategies are one of the proposed therapeutic approaches to hepatic fibrosis. Tetrandrine (C 38 H 42 O 8 N 2 , molecular weight: 622; Tet), an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Stephania tetrandra , has been shown to exert anti‐inflammatory activity in pulmonary diseases. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of Tet on hepatic fibrosis. Methods: A cell line of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC‐T6) was stimulated with transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) or tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). The inhibitory effects of Tet on the nuclear factor κB (NFκB) signaling cascade and molecular markers including intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 ( ICAM‐1 ) and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) secretion were assessed. Fibrosis was induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) administration in rats for 4 weeks. Fibrotic rats were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: vehicle (0.7% carboxyl methyl cellulose, CMC), Tet (1 mg/kg), Tet (5 mg/kg), or silymarin (50 mg/kg), each given by gavage twice daily for 3 weeks starting after 1 week of DMN administration. At the end of the study, liver tissues were scored for fibrosis and analyzed for molecular markers of fibrosis. Results: Tetrandrine (0.5–5.0 µmol/L) concentration‐dependently inhibited NFκB transcriptional activity induced by TNF‐α, including IκBα phosphorylation and mRNA expressions of ICAM‐1 in HSC‐T6 cells. In addition, Tet also inhibited TGF‐β1‐induced α‐SMA secretion and collagen deposition in HSC‐T6 cells. Fibrosis scores of livers from DMN‐treated rats with high‐dose Tet (1.3 ± 0.3) were significantly reduced in comparison with DMN‐treated rats receiving saline (2.0 ± 0.2). Hepatic collagen content of DMN rats was significantly reduced by either Tet or silymarin treatment. Double‐staining results showed that α‐SMA‐ and NFκB‐positive cells were decreased in the fibrotic livers by Tet and silymarin treatment. In addition, mRNA expression of ICAM‐1 , α‐SMA , and TGF‐β1 was attenuated by Tet treatment. Moreover, levels of plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were reduced by Tet and silymarin treatment. Conclusion: Tetrandrine exerts antifibrotic effects in both HSC‐T6 cells and in rats with DMN‐induced fibrosis.