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Immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma: Relationship to histological grade
Author(s) -
TANIAI M.,
TOMIMATSU M.,
OKUDA H.,
SAITO A.,
OBATA H.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.214
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1440-1746
pISSN - 0815-9319
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1993.tb01541.x
Subject(s) - proliferating cell nuclear antigen , immunohistochemistry , pathology , hepatocellular carcinoma , antigen , carcinoma , medicine , biology , cancer research , immunology
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), also known as cyclin, is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase‐δ and is found only in the nuclei of proliferating cells in the late G 1 and S phases. The proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by immunohistochemical staining for PCNA using paraffin sections of 20 surgically resected HCC specimens was analysed. The mean percentage of PCNA‐positive nuclei in the HCC tissue was 10.3% in grade I of Edmondson and Steiner's classification, 25.5% in grade II, 28.4% in grade III and 41.5% in grade IV. In early HCC, we observed only a few PCNA‐positive tumour cells. However, PCNA‐positive nuclei were numerous in the tumour thrombi found in portal vein branches, in regions of extracapsular tumour growth, and in the inner nodules of tumours with a nodule‐in‐nodule formation. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen positivity was correlated with an increase of the nucleocytoplasmic ratio of tumour cells as determined by image analysis. Our findings showed that PCNA positivity was correlated with the histological grade and invasiveness of HCC, suggesting that this antigen may be used as an indicator to predict tumour invasion in patients with HCC.