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Development and pilot test of pictograph‐enhanced breast health‐care instructions for community‐residing immigrant women
Author(s) -
Choi Jeungok
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
international journal of nursing practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.62
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 1440-172X
pISSN - 1322-7114
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-172x.2012.02051.x
Subject(s) - health literacy , clarity , immigration , health care , ethnic group , literacy , test (biology) , comprehension , medical education , psychology , limited english proficiency , nursing , medicine , computer science , pedagogy , archaeology , sociology , biology , anthropology , economics , paleontology , biochemistry , chemistry , history , programming language , economic growth
Current written text‐based health‐care instructions are not suitable for presenting lengthy, complex breast health‐care instructions and are difficult for immigrant women with limited literacy skills. The aims of this study were to develop breast health‐care instructions enhanced by pictographs (simple line drawings representing health‐care actions) and pilot test the instructions in a sample of six immigrant women with limited literacy skills. Based on the M ayer's C ognitive T heory of M ultimedia L earning, pictographs were developed in addition to low‐literacy text. The text and the pictographs were then pilot tested with six immigrant women in community health centres for clarity, comprehension and acceptability through face‐to‐face interviews. Participants perceived that the drawings were engaging and enhanced clarity of the intended health‐care messages. The black and white simple line drawings were well received by participants of varying race and ethnicity. The pictograph‐based approach might be an effective tool in developing health‐care instructions for immigrant women with limited literacy skills. Future research is needed to compare the effect of pictograph‐enhanced instructions with written text‐based instructions on adherence to instructions and health outcomes.