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Effects of D 2 O on Parthenogenetic Activation and Cleavage in the Sea Urchin Egg *
Author(s) -
KOJIMA MANABU K.
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
development, growth and differentiation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.864
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1440-169X
pISSN - 0012-1592
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-169x.1984.00061.x
Subject(s) - sea urchin , parthenogenesis , gastrulation , human fertilization , cleavage (geology) , oocyte activation , biology , embryogenesis , chemistry , embryo , fishery , microbiology and biotechnology , anatomy , paleontology , fracture (geology)
When unfertilized sea urchin eggs are treated with D 2 O‐sea water, fertilization membranes are raised, cytasters appear in the cytoplasm and cleavages occur. Such observations are in agreement with those reported by G ross and his collaborators. However, D 2 O‐treated eggs can develop at least to the gastrula stage under appropriate conditions, in contradiction to descriptions by G ross et al. This is the case in eggs of three species of Japanese sea urchins used here. The double treatment with D 2 O is more effective in inducing parthenogenetic development than the single treatment and, further, double treatments, such as the combinations of D 2 O and hypertonic sea water or butyric acid and D 2 O, also, can effectively induce the development. In addition, centrifugally enucleated egg‐halves can be activated and developed to a blastulalike stage by the double treatment with D 2 O.