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Neuroprotective effect of asymmetric dimethylarginine against 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium ion‐induced damage in PC12 cells
Author(s) -
Tang XiaoQing,
Li YuJuan,
Zhao Jing,
Shen XingTian,
Yang ChunTao,
Fan LiLi,
Hu Bi,
Li YuanJian,
Liao DuanFan
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1440-1681
pISSN - 0305-1870
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2010.05344.x
Subject(s) - nitric oxide , asymmetric dimethylarginine , nitric oxide synthase , reactive oxygen species , intracellular , chemistry , apoptosis , mitochondrion , endogeny , atp synthase , membrane potential , inner mitochondrial membrane , mitochondrial permeability transition pore , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , pharmacology , programmed cell death , biology , arginine , enzyme , organic chemistry , amino acid
Summary 1. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a well‐known endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Although it has been shown to be a novel risk marker in cardiovascular medicine and chronic kidney disease, we speculated that in some states associated with excess of nitric oxide (NO), such as 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium ion (MPP + )‐induced neuronal injury, ADMA might be protective by limiting the toxic effect of high concentrations of NO. 2. The aim of the present study is to explore the protection of ADMA against MPP + ‐induced apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms underlying in PC12 cells. 3. We found that exogenous application of ADMA obviously protected PC12 cells against MPP + ‐induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis not only by reducing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, but also by attenuating an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species. Moreover, ADMA attenuated MPP + ‐induced excessive activation of nitric oxide synthase and overproduction of NO. 4. The results of the present study suggest that the protection caused by ADMA is related to preserving mitochondrial membrane potential and attenuating the MPP + ‐induced intracellular reactive oxygen species generation through inhibiting nitric oxide synthase activity and limiting NO generation.