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TRANSIENT RECEPTOR POTENTIAL (TRP) CHANNELS, VASCULAR TONE AND AUTOREGULATION OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW
Author(s) -
Brayden Joseph E,
Earley Scott,
Nelson Mark T,
Reading Stacey
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1440-1681
pISSN - 0305-1870
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04855.x
Subject(s) - transient receptor potential channel , trpc3 , trpc , vascular smooth muscle , depolarization , trpc6 , stretch activated ion channel , myocyte , excitatory postsynaptic potential , myogenic contraction , chemistry , voltage dependent calcium channel , vasoconstriction , medicine , t type calcium channel , receptor , calcium , smooth muscle
SUMMARY1 Members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily are present in vascular smooth muscle cells and play important roles in the regulation of vascular contractility. 2 The TRPC3 and TRPC6 channels are activated by stimulation of several excitatory receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells. Activation of these channels leads to myocyte depolarization, which stimulates Ca 2+ entry via voltage‐dependent Ca 2+ channels (VDCC), leading to vasoconstriction. The TRPV4 channels in arterial myocytes are activated by epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, and activation of the channels enhances Ca 2+ spark and transient Ca 2+ ‐sensitive K + channel activity, thereby hyperpolarizing and relaxing vascular smooth muscle cells. 3 The TRPC6 and TRPM4 channels are activated by mechanical stimulation of cerebral artery myocytes. Subsequent depolarization and activation of VDCC Ca 2+ entry is directly linked to the development of myogenic tone in vitro and to autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in vivo . 4 These findings imply a fundamental importance of TRP channels in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone and suggest that TRP channels could be important targets for drug therapy under conditions in which vascular contractility is disturbed (e.g. hypertension, stroke, vasospasm).