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Inhibitory effects of glucosamine on lipopolysaccharide‐induced activation in microglial cells
Author(s) -
Yi HyonAh,
Yi SangDoe,
Jang ByeongChurl,
Song DaeKyu,
Shin DongHoon,
Mun KyoChul,
Kim SangPyo,
Suh SeongIl,
Bae Jae Hoon
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1440-1681
pISSN - 0305-1870
DOI - 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04305.x
Subject(s) - lipopolysaccharide , microglia , glucosamine , chemistry , activator (genetics) , tumor necrosis factor alpha , microbiology and biotechnology , downregulation and upregulation , in vivo , intracellular , inhibitory postsynaptic potential , neuroglia , inflammation , biology , biochemistry , endocrinology , immunology , central nervous system , receptor , gene
Summary 1. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of glucosamine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced cellular activation in microglia and to evaluate the inhibitory mechanisms involved. 2. Lipopolysaccharide (100 ng/mL) was used for the activation of primary cultured rat microglial or BV2 microglial cells. Changes in intracellular Ca 2+ levels and outward K + currents were measured using fura‐2/AM and whole‐cell patch‐clamp methods, respectively. Lipopolysaccharide‐induced expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α mRNA was analysed by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. 3. Lipopolysaccharide transformed cell morphology into an amoeboid shape in vitro and induced microglial activation in vivo , as measured by immunohistochemical staining, but glucosamine inhibited this activation. Glucosamine also inhibited LPS‐induced Ca 2+ influx, outward K + currents and TNF‐α mRNA expression, which are typically representative of microglial activation. 4. The results suggest that the inhibitory mechanisms of glucosamine on LPS‐induced microglial activation include inhibition of Ca 2+ influx and outward K + currents, as well as downregulation of the microglial activator gene TNF‐α.