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Occurrence of Toxic Hexadepsipeptides in Preharvest Maize Ear Rot Infected by Fusarium poae in Poland
Author(s) -
Chełkowski J.,
Ritieni A.,
Wiśniewska H.,
Mulè G.,
Logrieco A.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of phytopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1439-0434
pISSN - 0931-1785
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2006.01173.x
Subject(s) - preharvest , biology , beauvericin , fungi imperfecti , mycotoxin , botany , microbiology and biotechnology , horticulture , postharvest
Twenty‐seven preharvest maize ears affected by Fusarium poae rot (disease score 36–100%) were selected in 1998 and 1999 in Poland and examined for the occurrence of toxic hexadepsipeptides: beauvericin (BEA), enniatin A, enniatin B and enniatin B 1 . The identification of F. poae was confirmed by sequence analysis of variable internal transcribed spacer regions and compared with NCBI gene bank DNA sequences. Chemical analyses were performed by HPLC‐MS. In 27 ears infected by F. poae were detected: BEA (trace to 46 μ g/g) in 18 samples, enniatin A (trace to 37 μ g/g) in nine samples, enniatin B (trace to 47 μ g/g) in 15 samples and enniatin B 1 (trace to 25 μ g/g) in 12 samples. When 20 strains of F. poae isolated from these samples were cultured on rice, all produced BEA (1.9–75 μ g/g), three enniatin A (1.8–2 μ g/g), 12 enniatin B (1.1–5.1 μ g/g) and eight enniatin B 1 (1.2–5.2 μ g/g). Occurrence and quantification of enniatin A, enniatin B and enniatin B 1 and their co‐occurrence with BEA in maize kernels is reported for the first time.