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Chromatographic Characterization and Phytotoxic Activity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis and Saprophytic Strain Toxins
Author(s) -
Amraoui H.,
Lazrek H. B.,
Sedra M. H.,
Sampieri F.,
Mansuelle P.,
Rochat H.,
Hamdaoui A.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
journal of phytopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1439-0434
pISSN - 0931-1785
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2005.00953.x
Subject(s) - fusaric acid , fusarium oxysporum , biology , fusariosis , high performance liquid chromatography , fusarium wilt , fusarium , fungi imperfecti , strain (injury) , botany , microbiology and biotechnology , horticulture , chromatography , chemistry , anatomy
The bayoud disease, vascular fusariosis of date palm tree ( Phoenix dactylifera L.), is caused by the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis . The characteristic symptoms of the bayoud disease were elicited on detached leaves of F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis ‐susceptible cultivars of date palm trees, which were treated either with the F II ( F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis ) fraction purified from the organic extracts of a F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis liquid culture, or with a solution of fusaric acid. Enniatins, which are secreted by several Fusarium species, were tested at different concentrations and were not capable of inducing symptoms on such detached leaves. The F II ( F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis ) fraction was unable to induce necrosis of potato slices, which indicates that it does not contain significant amounts of enniatins. The high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles of the F II ( F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis ) fraction showed toxic peaks different from fusaric acid. A fraction, named F II (AZ 4 ), was obtained from culture filtrates of a saprophytic Fusarium strain maintained in the same cultural conditions as for the F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis . The HPLC profile of the F II (AZ 4 ) fraction did not show the characteristic phytotoxic peaks present in the F II ( F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis ) fraction. This finding well agrees with the fact that the F II (AZ 4 ) fraction is not toxic to detached date palm leaves. Moreover, the HPLC profiles of F II fractions obtained from other special forms of F. oxysporum are different the F II ( F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis ) profile. The phytotoxic compounds purified from the F II ( F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis ) fraction are probably new molecules that may help in understanding the pathogenesis of bayoud disease.