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Different introduction methods of Ephedrus cerasicola Starý to control Myzus persicae (Sulzer) in small paprika glasshouses
Author(s) -
Hofsvang T.,
Hågvar Eline Benestad
Publication year - 1979
Publication title -
zeitschrift für angewandte entomologie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1439-0418
pISSN - 0044-2240
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1979.tb02472.x
Subject(s) - myzus persicae , aphid , biology , alate , aphididae , population , horticulture , botany , host (biology) , homoptera , pest analysis , ecology , demography , sociology
In 3 small glasshouses (A, B and C), each with about 20 paprika plants, 1 viviparous female of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hom., Aphididae) were introduced on each plant at the start of the experiments in June. In house A, no parasites were released, and the aphid population increased exponentially (y = 0.807 · e 0.25x ) and destroyed the plants within 1 1/2 month. In house B, newly emerged Ephedrus cerasicola Starý (Hym., Aphidiidae) were introduced 3 times, each time 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ per plant, with a parasite/host ratio at each introduction 1/1, 1/10 and 1/50, respectively (only introduced female parasites accounted). The parasites controlled the aphid population throughout the season. In house C, E. cerasicola was introduced once, as mummies on a caged “banker” plant, with 83 mummies of all ages and 800 unparasitized aphids. Mainly alate aphids and adult parasites could escape from the cage, which was placed in the center of the house. The parasites controlled the aphid population, which nevertheless became fairly high on a few plants. The introduced parasite/ host ratio, which was about 1 mummy/10 aphids, was accordingly considered as marginal. Both in house B and C, a population of aphids and parasites were maintained throughout the season (June‐October 1977). The yield of paprika was about equal in house B and C, in spite of that the maximum aphid density in house C was about 6 times as high as in house B. Zusammenfassung Verschiedene Methoden der Ansiedlung der Schlupfwespe Ephedrus cerasicola Starý zur biologischen Bekämpfung der Blattlaus Myzus persicae (Sulzer) in kleinen Paprika‐Gewächshäusern In 3 kleinen Glashäusern (A, B und C) mit je etwa 20 Paprika‐Pflanzen, wurde an jede Pflanze 1 vivipare weibliche Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hom., Aphididae) zu Beginn der Experimente im Juni angesetzt. In Glashaus A wurden keine Parasiten eingeführt. Die Aphidenpopulation wuchs hier exponentiell (y = 0.807 · e 0.25x ) und die Pflanzen verwelkten innerhalb von 1 1/2 Monaten. In das Glashaus B wurden frischgeschlüpfte Ephedrus cerasicola Starý (Hym., Aphidiidae) dreimal eingesetzt, jedesmal 1 ♀ und 1 ♂ per Pflanze. Das Verhältnis Parasit/Wirt war 1/1, 1/10 und 1/50 (nur weibliche Parasiten gezählt). Die Parasiten hielten hier die Aphidenpopulation in Schach. In das Glashaus C wurden E. cerasicola Mumien einmal eingesetzt an einer “banker” Pflanze mit 83 Mumien sowie 800 nichtparasitierten Aphiden. Das Verhältnis Parasit/Wirt (etwa 1 Mumie/10 Aphiden) befand sich hier an der obersten Grenze. Die maximale Aphidenpopulation im Glashaus C war sechsmal größer als im Glashaus B, trotzdem war die Paprika‐Produktion in beiden Glashäusern gleich hoch.