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Combined Effect of Zinc and Cadmium Levels on Root Antioxidative Responses in Three Different Zinc‐Efficient Wheat Genotypes
Author(s) -
Sanaeiostovar A.,
Khoshgoftarmanesh A. H.,
Shariatmadari H.,
Afyuni M.,
Schulin R.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of agronomy and crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.095
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1439-037X
pISSN - 0931-2250
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-037x.2012.00504.x
Subject(s) - apx , cadmium , zinc , catalase , chemistry , superoxide dismutase , peroxidase , membrane permeability , horticulture , zoology , food science , biology , antioxidant , enzyme , biochemistry , membrane , organic chemistry
This work was undertaken to investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) nutrition on root antioxidative responses to cadmium (Cd) toxicity of three wheat genotypes differing in Zn efficiency. A hydroponic experiment was carried out in which two bread wheat genotypes ( Triticum aestivum L. cvs. ‘Rushan’ and ‘Cross’) and one durum wheat genotype ( Triticum durum L. cv. Durum) were exposed to three Zn 2+ (10 −11.11 , 10 −9.11 and 10 −8.81 μ m ) and two Cd 2+ (10 −11.21 and 10 −10.2 μ m ) activity levels. ‘Durum’ showed the highest root sulfhydryl (‐SH) groups content and activity of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the lowest root membrane permeability among the studied wheat genotypes. In ‘Durum’, Zn nutrition increased root ‐SH groups concentration of seedlings in Cd‐free nutrient solution. In ‘Cross’, as Zn 2+ activity increased from 10 −11.11 to 10 −9.11 μ m , root ‐SH groups concentration was increased while decreased with increasing Zn 2+ to 10 −8.81 μ m . Cadmium increased root membrane permeability at both 10 −11.11 and 10 −9.11 μ m Zn 2+ levels. Activity of CAT and APX increased in roots of ‘Durum’ plants exposed to Cd at Zn 2+ = 10 −9.11 μ m and thereafter decreased with increasing Zn 2+ activity. In contrast, CAT and APX activity in roots of ‘Cross’ and ‘Rushan’ genotypes exposed to Cd decreased by increasing Zn activity to 10 −9.11 μ m and then increased at Zn 2+ = 10 −8.81 μ m . The results showed an increase in activities of antioxidative enzymes in Cd‐treated plants, although this increase was dependent on the crop genotype and Zn levels in the media.