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Veränderungen von Tonböden bei alternativ‐ökologischen und konventionellen Anbauverfahren
Author(s) -
Niederbudde E. A.,
Kaubrügger Henrike,
Flessa H.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
journal of agronomy and crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.095
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1439-037X
pISSN - 0931-2250
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-037x.1989.tb00710.x
Subject(s) - soil water , subsoil , humus , manure , potassium , fertilizer , environmental science , organic matter , agronomy , soil science , chemistry , biology , organic chemistry
Changes of clay soils under organic and conventional farming Chemical, mineralogical and soil‐physical measurements were performed on clay soils, which were cultivated under conventional and organical production system for the last 14 years. Soils in the organic system [TNL soils] were loosened from 10–35 cm and organic residues and manure were incorporated into the 0–10 cm layer by a rotowator. Soils in the conventional system [TKL soils] were plowed to a depth of 22 cm. Humus and nitrogen reserve and the amount of mobile phosphate in the top soils of the TNL soils were higher than in those of the TKL soils. The exchangeable potassium in the top soil was higher in TKL soils than in TNL soils, whereas the organic system (TNL) showed a more equal distribution within top and subsoil. This observation was confirmed by measurements of the mobile potassium (ARo‐values). The contents of 2:1 layer silicates with expanded layers was lower in the top soil of TKL soils than in TNL soils. This can be explained by the reduced application of liquid manure (Gülle) and the missing application of potassium fertilizer on TNL soils. The layer charge of the expanded minerals ranged from ‐0.80 to ‐0.68 for the vermiculites, and from ‐0.45 to ‐0.35 for the smectites, per formula unit respectively. No influence on the percentage of the fine and mid pores was found. The amount of slow draining large pores (Ø 50‐10 μm) was higher in TNL soils than in TKL soils, only in a neighbouring pasture soil the proportion of these pore exceeded those of TNL soils. Measurements of pore continuity did not show such a clear difference between TKL and TNL soils, but was higher for TNL soils.