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The destructive invasive pathogen P hytophthora lateralis found on C hamaecyparis lawsoniana across the UK
Author(s) -
Green S.,
Brasier C. M.,
Schlenzig A.,
McCracken A.,
MacAskill G. A.,
Wilson M.,
Webber J. F.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
forest pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.535
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1439-0329
pISSN - 1437-4781
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2012.00788.x
Subject(s) - biology , outbreak , inoculation , collar rot , botany , pathogen , shoot , horticulture , microbiology and biotechnology , virology , sclerotium
Summary In 2010–2011, P hytophthora lateralis was isolated from diseased C hamaecyparis lawsoniana exhibiting dieback and mortality at eight geographically separate forest, parkland and shelterbelt locations in E ngland, S cotland and N orthern I reland. In 2011, P . lateralis was also isolated from young symptomatic nursery plants of C . lawsoniana and T huja occidentalis recently imported into S cotland from mainland E urope. These are the first findings of P . lateralis in the UK . At six of the field sites, only collar and root lesions were observed. However, at two sites, large stem and branch lesions unconnected to the collar region were also observed. Phytophthora lateralis was readily isolated from both aerial and basal lesions. In artificial inoculation experiments, two S cottish isolates of the pathogen caused lesions on C . lawsoniana shoots and were readily reisolated from the lesions, their pathogenicity being comparable to that of P . lateralis isolates originating from outside the UK . Isolates from six field sites and the two nursery interceptions exhibited ITS and cox II sequences identical to published sequences of F rench and N orth A merican isolates. However, the isolates from two field sites shared an ITS sequence with T aiwanese isolates and differed from N orth A merican, F rench and T aiwanese isolates by a single‐base substitution in cox II , suggesting a separate evolutionary history. It is clear that P . lateralis now presents a significant threat to C . lawsoniana in B ritain. The main source of the outbreaks is likely to be imported infested nursery stock.