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Fungi in bark peeling wounds of Picea abies in central Sweden
Author(s) -
Vasiliauskas R.,
Stenlid J.,
Johansson M.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
european journal of forest pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.535
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1439-0329
pISSN - 0300-1237
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-0329.1996.tb01074.x
Subject(s) - bark (sound) , heterobasidion annosum , biology , positive correlation , picea abies , bark beetle , horticulture , botany , diameter at breast height , negative correlation , medicine , ecology
Summary A total of 210 Norway spruce trees with stem wounds resulting from bark peeling by moose ( Alces alces ) were examined in three 45–50‐year‐old stands that contained 20‐30% of damaged trees. Injured stems were between 8 and 40 cm diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) and showed 1 to 23‐year‐old wounds. Wounds varied in size from 2 to 4815 cm 2 . The size of injury correlated negatively with the age of the injury (r=‐0.24; p=0.004), and positive correlation was established between the age of the injury and d.b.h. of the wounded tree (r=0.50; p=0.0001). Each wound was sampled once using an increment borer and fungi were isolated. Among basidiomycetes, Stereum sanguinolentum was the most common (isolated from 26.7% of the damaged stems). Other common species were Cylindrobasidium evolvens (23.8%), Amylostereum areolatum (5.2%), A. chailletii (0.5%), Heterobasidion annosum (5.2%), Peni‐ophorapithya (1.4%), Sistotrema brinkmannii (1.0%). The ascomycete Nectria fuckeliana was the most common among all fungi (present in 35.7% of bark peeling wounds). The frequency of S. sanguinolentum infection correlated positively with the age of the injury (r=0.27; p=0.001) and the opposite relationship was revealed for C. evolvens (r=−0.30; p=0.0001). Furthermore, C. evolvens infection correlated positively with the wound size (r=0.30; p=0.0001) and negatively with the tree d.b.h. (r=−0.20; p=0.004). A positive correlation was found between tree d. b. h. and the occurrence in stems of H. annosum (r=0.23; p=0.001 and N. fuckeliana (r=0.23; p=0.0006). The spruce bark beetle Dendroctonus micans attacked 14.8% of wounded trees. Presence in stems of N. fuckeliana was associated significantly with the D. micans attack (r=0.190; p =0.006; χ 2 test: p=0.01). Except for a negative correlation between infections of S. sanguinolentum and H. annosum (r=‐0.140; p=0.04), no significant relationship between fungal species was found.