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Effects of heavy metals and acid irrigation on the birch rust, Melampsoridium betulinum
Author(s) -
Helander M. L.
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
european journal of forest pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.535
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1439-0329
pISSN - 0300-1237
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-0329.1994.tb00983.x
Subject(s) - betula pubescens , nitric acid , rust (programming language) , subarctic climate , acid rain , nickel , acid deposition , betulaceae , chemistry , heavy metals , deposition (geology) , environmental chemistry , environmental science , botany , biology , ecology , inorganic chemistry , soil science , organic chemistry , soil water , computer science , programming language , paleontology , sediment
Effects of simulated acid rain and heavy metals on the occurrence of Melampsoridium betulinum in naturally infected mountain‐birch trees and seedlings ( Betula pubescens subsp. tortuosa ) were studied in a subarctic area where background polution levels are low. The short term (2 years) effects of copper, nickel and sulphuric acid, and long term (8 years) effects of nitric‐ and sulphuric‐acid deposition on birch‐rust infection were determined.