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A Comparison Between Thrombocytes and Monocyte‐Macrophages in Salmo gairdneri Richardson: A Cytoenzymatic Evaluation
Author(s) -
Ribaud M. R.,
Passantino L.,
Perillo A.,
Jirillo F.,
Carrassi M.,
Jirillo E.,
Passantino G. F.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
anatomia, histologia, embryologia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.34
H-Index - 35
eISSN - 1439-0264
pISSN - 0340-2096
DOI - 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00669_96.x
Subject(s) - cytochemistry , platelet , acid phosphatase , trout , esterase , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , cytoplasm , monocyte , enzyme , salmo , somatic cell , biochemistry , chemistry , fish <actinopterygii> , immunology , fishery , gene
Fish leukocyte heterogenity with respect to morphology, morphometry and immunological function has been object of some controversy, mostly because, in lower vertebrates, there are several interspecies differences. Leukocyte enzyme cytochemistry permits cellular differentiation, which is otherwise not possible with routine stains, and may also indicate cell function. In fish, phagocytic performance is principally operated by monocyte‐macrophages (MØ) present in tissues and in circulating blood. Fish thrombocytes (FTHR), even if they are the equivalent of platelets in mammals, are complete cells with cytoplasm and nucleus. They vary in shape from round, like small lymphocytes, to spindle‐shaped or rod‐shaped cells. Several cytochemical methods, as periodic acid Schiff (PAS), naphthol chloroacetate esterase (ASD), α‐naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE), peroxidase (PEROX), acid phosphatase (Ac. Phos.) with and without tartaric acid (ta) and alkaline phosphatase (Alk. Phos.) have been applied in Salmo gairdneri Richardson to investigate the expression of MØ and FTHR enzyme patterns. Here, we compared cytochemistry between fish MØ and FTHR, and between human MØ and platelets/megakaryocytes, respectively, as indicated in the table. It appears that positivity to some enzyme cytochemistry is phylogenetically maintained in MØ, while in FTHR the enzyme pattern has undergone modification during evolution. For instance, this is the case of ANAE, Ac. Phos. and Alk. Phos., which changed in the phylogenesis, while PAS, AS‐D, PEROX are still present in the evolution.PAS AS‐D ANAE Perox Ac.Phos.‐ta Ac.Phos.+ta Alk. PhosTrout MØ ++ + ++ ++ + − n.d. Human MØ + + ++ + − − − Trout THR −/++ − − − −/+ − ++ Human platelets/ megakaryocytes + − ++ − + + −+, Positive; ++, strongly positive; (, negative; n.d., not determined.