Open AccessMesenchymal stromal cells for tissue‐engineered tissue and organ replacements
Author(s) -
Baiguera Silvia,
Jungebluth Philipp,
Mazzanti Benedetta,
Macchiarini Paolo
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
transplant international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.998
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1432-2277
pISSN - 0934-0874
DOI - 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01426.x
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , stromal cell , immune system , immunogenicity , tissue engineering , medicine , regenerative medicine , immunology , cancer research , pathology , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , stem cell , biomedical engineering
Summary Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), a rare heterogeneous subset of pluripotent stromal cells that can be easily isolated from different adult tissues, in vitro expanded and differentiated into multiple lineages, are immune privileged and, more important, display immunomodulatory capacities. Because of this, they are the preferred cell source in tissue‐engineered replacements, not only in autogeneic conditions, where they do not evoke any immune response, but especially in the setting of allogeneic organ and tissue replacements. However, more preclinical and clinical studies are requested to completely understand MSC’s immune biology and possible clinical applications. We herein review the immunogenicity and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, their possible mechanisms and potential clinical use for tissue‐engineered organ and tissue replacement.