Open AccessCyclic Voltammetry and 1 H‐NMR of Rhodopseudomonas palustris Cytochrome c 2
Author(s) -
Battistuzzi Gianantonio,
Borsari Marco,
Dallari Daniela,
Ferretti Silvia,
Sola Marco
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
european journal of biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1432-1033
pISSN - 0014-2956
DOI - 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.335_1.x
Subject(s) - chemistry , redox , rhodopseudomonas palustris , cytochrome , cyclic voltammetry , cytochrome c , binding constant , perchlorate , ionic strength , ion , ionic bonding , heme , inorganic chemistry , binding site , electrochemistry , organic chemistry , biochemistry , genetics , electrode , aqueous solution , bacteria , mitochondrion , biology , enzyme
The effects of increasing concentrations of Cl − , ClO 4 − , and HCO 3 − on the redox potential of Rhodopseudomonas palustris cytochrome c 2 indicate that the two polyatomic anions bind specifically to the protein at one site, while chloride simply exerts an ionic atmosphere effect. The change in E ° upon specific anion binding allows us to probe for the influence of surface charges on the redox potential of cytochromes c . The decrease in redox potential at null ionic strength (Δ E I=0 °) due to anion neutralization of one positive surface charge was found to be 23 mV with perchlorate and 33 mV with bicarbonate. These values compare reasonably well with previous theoretical predictions and estimates of the effect of charge alteration on the E ° values in cytochromes c chemically modified or mutated at surface lysines. These Δ E ° values, determined on the unmodified protein, are unprecedented for c ‐type cytochromes. The anion‐induced chemical shift changes of the hyperfine‐shifted heme 1 H‐NMR resonances of the oxidized protein yield lower limit values of 53 M −1 and 18 M −1 for the affinity constant for specific HCO 3 − and ClO − binding, respectively.