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First Autoclave‐Sterilized Platelet‐Additive Solution Containing Glucose with a Physiological pH for the Preparation of Plasma‐Poor Platelet Concentrates
Author(s) -
Shimizu T.,
Shibata K.,
Kora S.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
vox sanguinis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.68
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1423-0410
pISSN - 0042-9007
DOI - 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01176.x
Subject(s) - chemistry , platelet , sodium , sodium citrate , plateletpheresis , maltose , chromatography , biochemistry , nuclear chemistry , medicine , enzyme , apheresis , organic chemistry , pathology
The glucose‐free platelet‐additive solution (termed AR solution), developed by Adams and Rock [Transfusion 1988;28:217—220], was modified by adding glucose as an energy substrate for platelets and maltose to prevent platelet lysis and by replacing sodium gluconate with sodium phosphate for better pH maintenance. The new platelet‐additive solution (termed Seto solution) contained 90 mM NaCl, 5mM KCl, 3mM MgCl 2 , 17 mM tri‐sodium citrate, 4.9 m M NaH 2 PO 4 , 20.1 m M Na 2 HPO 4 , 23 m M sodium acetate, 28.8 m M maltose, and 23.5 m M glucose with a pH of 7.4. The solution was sterilized by autoclaving in plastic bags in nitrogen to prevent glucose caramelization at high pH. Plasma‐poor platelet concentrates prepared by adding Seto solution to the pelleted platelet buttons were stored in a LE‐2 polyolefin bag at 22 °C with constant agitation for 5 days. The platelets suspended in Seto solution maintained oxygen consumption at a rate of 1.1 nmol/min/10 9 platelets after 5‐day storage, with glucose consumption and lactate production rates of 0.5 ± 0.2 and 1.2 ± 0.2 nmol/min/10 9 platelets, respectively. This resulted in a final mean pH of 7.0. Those suspended in AR solution ceased glycolysis within 3 days because residual plasma glucose had been consumed. This was associated with decreases in percent hypotonic shock response and aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate and collagen. Lactate dehydrogenase discharge in AR solution was 5 and 8 times higher at day 3 and day 5, respectively, than that of Seto solution. Morphologically, there were no ballooned platelets after storage in Seto solution. Platelets stored in Seto solution were nearly equal to those stored in plasma. Conclusions: Steam‐sterilized Seto‐additive solution caused better storage of platelets for 5 days than AR solution, suggesting that glucose is important for optimal storage. Phosphate acts as an effective buffer and maltose stabilizes platelet volumes.