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Access to and Legal Protection of Aquaculture Genetic Resources—Norwegian Perspectives
Author(s) -
Kristin Rosendal G.,
Olesen Ingrid,
Bentsen Hans B.,
Tvedt Morten Walløe,
Bryde Martin
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
the journal of world intellectual property
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.334
H-Index - 8
eISSN - 1747-1796
pISSN - 1422-2213
DOI - 10.1111/j.1422-2213.2006.00283.x
Subject(s) - business , investment (military) , natural resource economics , intellectual property , genetic resources , aquaculture , production (economics) , revenue , fish <actinopterygii> , property rights , environmental resource management , environmental planning , fishery , risk analysis (engineering) , microbiology and biotechnology , economics , political science , geography , biology , finance , law , macroeconomics , politics
A central socio‐economic challenge in fish breeding arises from issues relating to access to and exclusive rights of genetic resources. Breeding companies need legal or biological protection measures to assure revenues from genetic improvement and investment in genetic material. Fish farmers and fish breeders need access to genetic resources for food production and further development and sustainable use of fish genetic material. How can a balance be created between the need for unencumbered and free access, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the need to ensure a right to the results from breeding and research? First, we provide a brief outline of the rationale for ensuring access to and for using legal measures for protection of breeding materials in aquaculture. Secondly, we examine how technological developments and biological features present options and barriers that will affect choices relating to access and property right issues to fish genetic resources.