Premium
Evolutionary relationships of flavobacterial and enterobacterial endosymbionts with their scale insect hosts ( H emiptera: C occoidea)
Author(s) -
Rosenblueth M.,
Sayavedra L.,
SámanoSánchez H.,
Roth A.,
MartínezRomero E.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of evolutionary biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.289
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1420-9101
pISSN - 1010-061X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02611.x
Subject(s) - biology , diaspididae , host (biology) , coccidae , insect , scale insect , enterobacteriaceae , zoology , hemiptera , ecology , gene , genetics , botany , pest analysis , escherichia coli , homoptera
Flavobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae have been previously reported as scale insect endosymbionts. The purpose of this work was twofold: first, to screen different scale insect families for the presence of these endosymbionts by PCR analyses and second, to elucidate the history of cophylogeny between these bacteria and the insects by analysing a portion of 16 S r RNA and 18 S r RNA gene sequences by two reconciliation tools, C o R e‐ PA and J ane. From a survey of 27 scale insects within seven families, we identified F lavobacteria and E nterobacteriaceae as coexisting in ten species that belong to the O rtheziidae, M onophlebidae, D iaspididae and C occidae families, and we frequently found two closely related enterobacteria harboured in the same individual. Analyses performed with C o R e‐ PA and J ane suggest that F lavobacteria from the scale insects analysed have a unique origin, except for C andidatus B rownia rhizoecola ( F lavobacteria of P seudococcidae, P henacoccinae), which seems to come from a nonscale insect. Nevertheless, cospeciation between F lavobacteria and scale insects is suggested only within the families M onophlebidae, O rtheziidae and D iaspididae, and host switches seem to have occurred from the ancestors of M onophlebidae and O rtheziidae to insects from families C occidae, L ecanodiaspididae, E riococcidae and P seudococcidae. Our analyses suggest that E nterobacteriaceae underwent more evolutionary events (losses, duplications and host switches), and their phylogenies showed a lower proportion of congruent nodes between host and bacteria, indicating a more relaxed relationship with scale insects compared with F lavobacteria.