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Pulmonary effects of body position, PEEP, and surfactant depletion in dogs
Author(s) -
Larsson A.,
Gilbert J. T.,
Bunegin L.,
Gelineau J.,
Smith R. B.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
acta anaesthesiologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.738
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1399-6576
pISSN - 0001-5172
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1992.tb03419.x
Subject(s) - medicine , positive end expiratory pressure , functional residual capacity , supine position , anesthesia , pulmonary compliance , oxygenation , dead space , saline , prone position , ventilation (architecture) , pulmonary surfactant , cardiac output , hemodynamics , respiratory system , lung , mechanical ventilation , lung volumes , mechanical engineering , physics , engineering , thermodynamics
The influence of position (sphinx, lateral, supine), surfactant depletion, and different positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) on functional residual capacity (FRC), series dead space (V d S) and compliance of the respiratory system (C rs ) were evaluated in five dogs. Ventilation homogeneity as measured by an index (multiple breath alveolar mixing efficiency), oxygenation, and cardiovascular hemodynamics were additionally examined. The dogs were anesthetized with halothane, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated. FRC and V d S were found to be notably large in dogs, 45 ± 8 ml/kg and 6 ± 1 ml/kg, respectively. FRC and ventilation homogeneity were improved in the sphinx position (prone position with upright head). Surfactant depletion by lung lavage with 37±C saline caused an immediate and stable decrease in FRC, C rs , and oxygenation ( P <0.05, respectively) for about 5 h without marked effects on the circulatory system. FRC and V d S increased with increasing PEEP. At the highest PEEP, 10 cmH 2 O (1 kPa), C rs decreased ( P <0.05) and ventilation became more uneven, indicating alveolar overdistension.