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Effects of droperidol, haloperidol and ketamine on halothane, succinylcholine and caffeine contractures: implications for malignant hyperthermia
Author(s) -
FLETCHER J. E.,
ROSENBERG H.,
Lizzo F. H.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
acta anaesthesiologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.738
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1399-6576
pISSN - 0001-5172
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1989.tb02887.x
Subject(s) - haloperidol , malignant hyperthermia , medicine , droperidol , ketamine , halothane , muscle contracture , anesthesia , caffeine , contracture , hyperthermia , pharmacology , surgery , fentanyl , dopamine
The effects of two structurally similar butyrophenones (droperidol and haloperidol) and ketamine were evaluated in an in vitro system to determine their potential for eliciting or exacerbating an episode of malignant hyperthermia. Muscle strips from patients referred for diagnostic testing for malignant hyperthermia and muscle strips from the rat diaphragm were exposed to droperidol, haloperidol, or ketamine prior to challenge with halothane, succinylcholine or caffeine. If any agent augmented the contracture response to the malignant hyperthermia triggering or diagnostic agents, then the agent was considered unsafe for use in malignant hyperthermia susceptible patients. Droperidol 10 μmol/1 and ketamine 100 μmol/l did not induce contractures in human or rat skeletal muscle when added alone, nor did they augment halothane, succinylcholine or caffeine contractures. These agents appear to be safe for use in patients susceptible to malignant hyperthermia. In contrast, haloperidol 10 μmol/1 augmented the response to succinylcholine about 1.5–fold and may be contraindicated in MH susceptibles.