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Ventilation and ventilatory CO 2 response in children during halothane anaesthesia after nonopioid (midazolam) and opioid (papaveretum) premedication
Author(s) -
CHARLTON A. J.,
LINDAHL S. G. E.,
HATCH D. J.
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
acta anaesthesiologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.738
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1399-6576
pISSN - 0001-5172
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1986.tb02380.x
Subject(s) - medicine , anesthesia , premedication , halothane , ventilation (architecture) , midazolam , tidal volume , respiratory minute volume , normocapnia , capnography , general anaesthesia , propofol , hypercapnia , respiratory system , acidosis , sedation , mechanical engineering , engineering
The influence of non‐opioid (NO) and opioid (O) premedication on ventilation and ventilatory CO 2 response was studied in 18 spontaneously breathing children during halothane anaesthesia. Eight patients in Group NO and 10 in Group O were comparable in age, body weight and type of surgery performed. The sedative effect was evaluated and measurements by pneumotachography and in‐line capnography were made immediately after induction of sleep, just before the start of surgery, during surgery and after surgery both before and after 3 min of about 2% CO 2 inhalation. Immediately after induction the mean value (X s. e. mean) of end‐tidal CO 2 concentration (ETCO 2 ) was 4.86 X 0.21% in Group NO and 5.28 X 0.22% in Group O. Before and during surgery, minute ventilation (V E ) was higher in Group NO ( P <0.05) mainly due to higher respiratory rates. ETCO 2 was similar in the two groups before, during and after surgery. The ratio of VE to CO 2 elimination (VCO 2 ) and of dead space (V D ) to tidal volume (V T ) was higher in Group NO, but ventilatory response to CO 2 inhalation immediately before the postoperative period was similar in both groups. It was concluded that opioid premedication resulted in more efficient ventilation during anaesthesia and surgery, and that CO 2 response at the end of surgery was maintained in both groups.