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Placental Transfer and Pharmacokinetics of Atropine after a Single Maternal Intravenous and Intramuscular Administration
Author(s) -
Kanto J.,
Virtanen R.,
Iisalo E.,
Mäenpää K.,
Liukko P.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
acta anaesthesiologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.738
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1399-6576
pISSN - 0001-5172
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1981.tb01613.x
Subject(s) - pharmacokinetics , medicine , atropine , volume of distribution , anesthesia , distribution (mathematics) , amniotic fluid , umbilical artery , radioimmunoassay , intramuscular injection , fetus , endocrinology , pregnancy , mathematical analysis , mathematics , biology , genetics
The placental transfer and pharmacokinetics of atropine were studied in 44 healthy parturients undergoing caesarean section. The concentrations in the plasma were determined by a new radioimmunoassay after intravenous (n = 32) or after intramuscular (n = 12) administration of 0.01 mg/kg of atropine. A fast placental transfer with apparent foetal uptake of the drug was found after intravenous injection. There was also a difference in the umbilical vein and artery concentrations after intramuscular administration. The maternal pharmacokinetics of i.v. atropine obeyed a two‐compartment open model with a fast distribution phase (mean tα 1/2 = 1.02 min) and quite fast elimination (t 1/2 = 2.56 h). The total apparent volume of distribution was 1.0 1/kg and the total plasma clearance 6.36 ml/min/kg. The mean peak maternal plasma levels after i.m. atropine administration were found at 1.59 h and the mean calculated half‐life of elimination was then 2.1 h. No atropine was found in the amniotic fluid.