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Micrometer‐sized thread‐like and/or spherical particles in the first fraction of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with bipolar disorder
Author(s) -
Båve Ullvi,
Nybom Rolf,
Landén Mikael,
Wetterberg Lennart
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
bipolar disorders
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.285
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1399-5618
pISSN - 1398-5647
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2010.00805.x
Subject(s) - cerebrospinal fluid , thread (computing) , bipolar disorder , fraction (chemistry) , materials science , medicine , pathology , chemistry , psychiatry , chromatography , engineering , mechanical engineering , cognition
Båve U, Nybom R, Landén M, Wetterberg L. Micrometer‐sized thread‐like and/or spherical particles in the first fraction of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with bipolar disorder.
Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 298–305. © 2010 The Authors.
Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objectives: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a powerful tool to identify pathogenic factors for which sensitive tests are lacking. The technique has been used to recognize structures in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to use SEM to screen for potential particles in CSF in bipolar disorder. Methods: Fresh CSF samples from 56 euthymic bipolar patients, 31 bipolar I disorder and 25 bipolar II disorder, were compared to CSF samples from 20 controls. SEM of two portions of 200 μL filtered CSF was performed; the first 0.6 mL of CSF and the following 12 mL. The microscopic structures were identified and the quantity and patterns were rated by two independent researchers. Results: Quantitative SEM examinations showed that of the 56 patients, 11 were free of any SEM structures in CSF, while 45 patients displayed morphological structures in the first 0.6 mL of CSF. By contrast, only 2 patients showed structures in the second CSF fraction drawn from the following mixed 12 mL of CSF. In total, 45 of the 56 patients had either thread‐like, spherical, or both structures in the CSF, compared to none of the 20 controls. Conclusions: The identified particles in the first fraction of CSF have previously not been described in patients with bipolar disorder. Hypothetically, the amount of SEM structures in CSF, from none to many, might correlate to the degree of the alleged underlying disease processes in the central nervous system in patients with bipolar disease.