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Daily vegetable intake during pregnancy negatively associated to islet autoimmunity in the offspring–The ABIS study
Author(s) -
Brekke Hilde K,
Ludvigsson Johnny
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
pediatric diabetes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.678
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1399-5448
pISSN - 1399-543X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00563.x
Subject(s) - medicine , pregnancy , offspring , type 1 diabetes , percentile , logistic regression , diabetes mellitus , univariate analysis , endocrinology , physiology , multivariate analysis , statistics , genetics , mathematics , biology
Brekke HK, Ludvigsson J. Daily vegetable intake during pregnancy negatively associated to islet autoimmunity in the offspring—The ABIS study. Objective: To investigate if maternal diet during pregnancy is associated with occurrence of islet autoimmunity (IA) in the offspring. Methods: Of 21 700 infants invited to the All Babies in South‐east Sweden (ABIS) study, 16 004 screening questionnaires, including a 22‐item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) regarding the mothers' diet during pregnancy, were completed after delivery. Follow‐up of the children (questionnaires and blood sampling) was performed at 1, 2.5 and 5 yr of age. IA was defined as being positive (above the 95th percentile for healthy children) in two or more measurements of autoantibodies [glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA); tyrosine phosphatase (IA‐2A), insulin autoantibodies (IAA)] analysed at the three time points or being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes during the 5‐yr follow‐up period. The 5 724 children in whom we carried out two to three possible blood samplings were included in the study. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables predicting IA. Results: Of 5 724 children,191 (3.3%) were considered positive for IA. In a univariate analysis, less than daily consumption of vegetables (3–5 times/week) in the mothers' diet was associated with increased risk of IA (OR 1.71, 95% CI:1.24–2.35, p = 0.001) compared to daily consumption (p for trend = 0.004). The association was strengthened when adjusting for known IA‐risk factors (p for trend <0.001). Conclusions: Daily consumption of vegetables in the mothers' diet during pregnancy was associated with a decreased risk of IA in the offspring.