Premium
Continuous glucose monitoring in children with type 1 diabetes: before and after insulin pump therapy
Author(s) -
Heptulla Rubina A.,
Allen Holley F.,
Gross Todd M.,
Reiter Edward O.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
pediatric diabetes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.678
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1399-5448
pISSN - 1399-543X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1399-543x.2004.00035.x
Subject(s) - medicine , insulin pump , type 1 diabetes , continuous glucose monitoring , insulin , diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes , insulin delivery , blood glucose self monitoring , endocrinology , intensive care medicine
Objective: The aim of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is to mimic as closely as possible the normal physiologic pattern seen in individuals without diabetes. This study was undertaken to determine the specific areas of improved glycemic control in subjects after initiation of insulin pump therapy and times where further improvement is needed. Research design and methods: Eight patients with T1DM (age 7.5–17 yr) wore the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS) (Medtronic MiniMed, Northridge, CA, USA) for 3 d before and 3 months after initiation of insulin pump therapy. The CGMS, which measures inter‐ stitial glucose concentrations every 5 min for a 72‐h period, was used to evaluate glucose profiles. Patients entered 4–5 fingerstick blood glucose measurements daily into the sensor for calibration. Detailed logs of food intake, exercise, and hypoglycemic symptoms were also recorded. Results: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) was reduced (p < 0.007) following 3 months of insulin pump therapy. Post‐CSII continuous glucose profiles demonstrated an overall improvement in hourly mean glucose over a 24‐h period (p < 0.001) as well as a reduction in the area under the curve for glucose (27 ± 4 prepump vs. 8.6 ± 1.4 mg/dL/d postpump, p < 0.004). This improvement was a result of an attenuation of the maximal postprandial glycemic excursions. Postbreakfast 349 ± 24 vs. 267 ± 16 mg/dL, p < 0.003; lunch 340 ± 16 vs. 217 ± 20 mg/dL, p < 0.003. Postdinner average similarly decreased after 3 months of CSII by 22%, p < 0.04. Conclusions: Pump therapy specifically improved the postprandial glucose excursions in children.